Términos

Práctica de aplicar capas de color ricas en aceite sobre una pintura anterior que contiene menos aceite y es por lo tanto menos flexible.

Biomes surrounding grassland environments, which occur in lands dominated by grasses rather than large shrubs or trees.

Regalos, usualmente de dinero, dado por sobre lo que es obligación a cambio de o como anticipo de algún servicio.

Sentimiento o expresión de aprecio de alguien por el beneficio o favor recibido, que implica estimar éste y sentirse obligado a corresponder a quien se lo ha hecho; agradecimiento.

Retiro de la granulación por raspado o fricción; en pintura, se refiere en especial a la creación de formas y texturas raspando una superficie recién pintada.

Arenisca compacta formada por cuarzo, feldespatos y materias arcillosas.

Agregado granular grueso más grande que la arena, formado ya sea en forma natural o al triturar rocas.

Piedra suelta que se encuentra en playas y puede utilizarse en pavimentación o construcción de bajo costo.

Altars that contain or are placed over a grave, sometimes of grand scale and serving as both a funerary altar and a commemorative monument. The form was highly developed in ancient Rome and was continued in the Christian era; particularly lavish examples date to the Baroque period. For tombs that mimic the form of an altar, but are not actually used as altars, use "altar tombs." To distinguish grave altars that held ashes rather than a corpse or other remains, use the more specific "cineraria (sepulchral monuments)."

Markers or memorials of any kind that designate the site of a grave, ranging from the ephemeral, such as special flower arrangements, to the permanent, such as tombstones.

Sepulchral monuments in the form of freestanding pillars; distinguished by being taller and generally having less breadth than a tombstone or a stele, but often having more depth. Grave pillars were common in several ancient cultures and continue in modern usage.

Posts used to mark the location of a grave and in commemoration of the deceased; known in many cultures. They were originally made of a single timber, often decorated with totemic emblems or other iconography. Grave posts may also be made of materials other than wood, but in form resemble the tall, verticality of a tree trunk.

Registers that record the names of the deceased, date of death, and the location of their graves within a given cemetery or crypt. Occasionally additional information may be included, such as payment for the grave or associated services. When cemeteries are maintained by a church, these registers are church records.

Temporary structures for protecting the open grave immediately prior to interment or immediately after burial; typically having the form of a canopy, ramada, or tent. For structures of similar form, a ramada or shed but intended to exist for months or years rather than hours or days, prefer "gravehouses." For raised, canopied structures under which the coffin or effigy of a deceased person lies or is carried in state, prefer "catafalques."

Vases designed for or used to hold offerings of food, libations, or flowers at a grave or tomb. Examples include those from ancient Egypt, Greece, Rome, and China, where they were often designed in pairs. They remain common as flower receptacles in modern cemeteries.

La relación de la masa de un volumen dado de una sustancia a la masa del mismo volumen de agua a 4 grados Celsius.

Fields or areas of crushed rock.

Excavations from which gravel or sand is or has been obtained, particularly excavations where the holes have been dug vertically into the surface.

Se refiere a una fase de una cultura de fabricación de herramientas de piedra Paleolítica Superior encontrada en Francia, Italia, y Rusia. Se pensaba anteriormente que era una fase tardía de la cultura Auriñacense, pero ahora se cree que se superpone con la Perigordiense Superior. Puede vincularse a los pueblos Cro-Magnon y puede caracterizarse por la caza de caballos en el oeste y de mamut en el este, el uso de ocre rojo como pigmento, la creación de figuras de "Venus", joyería, y varias herramientas. La industria Gravetiense difiere de la Auriñacense en su uso de "hojas de cuchillo con dorso” qué son herramientas creadas con una técnica de retocado que produce un borde romo. La industria Gravetiense es a menudo llamada Gravetiense Oriental en Rusia.