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Populus deltoides (species)
Definición
Species of cottonwood poplar native to much of North America; it is known in three subspecies. It is one of the largest North American hardwood trees, growing to nearly 30 meters (100 feet) in height. It has thick glossy leaves and bark that is silver-white and smooth, becoming darker and deeply fissured on older trees. Due to the flat stem of the leaf, the leaf has the tendency to shake from even the slightest breeze. This is one of the identifying characteristics.
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Populus fremontii (species)
Definición
Species of cottonwood poplar native to southwestern North America.
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Populus grandidentata (species)
Definición
Species of tree native to the northeastern United States, growing to 18 metres (59 feet) in height and having relatively large somewhat rounded, coarse-toothed leaves.
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Populus nigra (species)
Definición
Species of medium-sized, deciduous tree native to native to Europe, southwest and central Asia, and northwest Africa. Known in three or four subspecies. It has oval, fine-toothed leaves; is long-trunked, and grows to 35 meters (115 feet) in height. The timber is primarily used for paneling and other purposes. A yellowish dye can be extracted from the fresh leaves. On wool, it produces a brass color with a chrome mordant and a yellow-brown color with an alum mordant. The extract does not dye cotton.
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Populus tremula (species)
Definición
Species of hardy, medium-sized poplar tree native to cool temperate regions of Europe and Asia, including the British Isles. The bark is pale greenish-gray, smooth on young trees with dark grey diamond-shaped lenticels. It turns darker and fissured on old trees. The leaves are especially liable to the tremulous motion common to all poplars, thus the name of the species; leaves have an unpleasant taste that discourages denuding by fallow deer. The wood has large, evenly-distributed pores that produce a soft fibrous texture, making it valuable for only limited use.
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Populus tremuloides (species)
Definición
Species of tall, fast-growing tree native to cooler areas of North America. The name refers to the tendency of leaves to tremble or quake in even a slight breeze due to their flattened petioles. It is most easily distinguished from a similar European species, P. tremula, by the shape of its leaves, which have more pointed tips, and by growing via root suckers: it propagates itself primarily through root sprouts, and extensive clonal colonies are common. The leaves are food for various insects. A substance in the bark was extracted by Native Americans and the pioneers of the American West as a quinine substitute. The soft, weak wood is used as paper pulp and for other purposes.
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Populus trichocarpa (species)
Definición
Species of very large deciduous trees native to northwestern North America; planted elsewhere as an ornamental. In some classifications, a subspecies of Populus balsamifera. Noted as the first tree species for which the genome was sequenced. Used for timber and for extracts from the fragrant buds for use in perfume, medicines, and cosmetics. Native Americans of the Pacific Northwest used the inner bark as food and medicine, the anti-inflammatory, salicin, content making it useful for treating wounds and other purposes. The wood, roots, and bark were used for firewood, canoes, rope making, fish traps, baskets, and structures. The gum-like sap was used as glue and waterproofing.
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por encargo
Definición
Úsese para describir artículos hechos por encargo especial de una persona, especialmente prendas de vestir.
Términos Alternativos
- de encargo
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porcelain cards (trade cards)
Definición
Small printed cards on coated cardstock having a glossy surface resembling porcelain, usually bearing tradesmen's advertisements and often images. They may be lithographed or printed in combination with hand painting for metallic details. Production ceased in the late 19th or early 20th-centuries because the materials contained lead, which was toxic to the printers and painters who made the cards.
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porcelain makers
Definición
People or corporate bodies who make or decorate visual works made of porcelain, which is an impermeable translucent ceramic material.
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porcelain painters
Definición
People who specialize in decorating works made of porcelain, which is an impermeable translucent ceramic material.
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porcelain painting (image-making)
Definición
Process of decorating or painting scenes on porcelain by applying mineral pigments blended in a medium to the surface, usually glazed. After the porcelain has been painted, it is fired again. The process typically includes several stages of painting and firing.
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porcelain paintings (visual works)
Definición
Paintings of scenes or decorations on a support, usually an object, made of porcelain, which is an impermeable translucent ceramic material. Mineral pigments blended in a medium are used to create the paintings, and the work is fired multiple times.
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porcelana (material)
Definición
Material compuesto por arcilla blanca o "caolín" y una roca feldespática; ambos reaccionan al ser cocidos, de modo que la arcilla sirve para mantener la forma del objeto y la roca se funde formando un vidrio natural.
En China, incluye cualquier pieza de este tipo que haya sido cocida a una temperatura tan alta que, al golpearla, produzca un sonido metálico. En Europa, se limita a la cerámica cocida a alta temperatura que es translúcida.
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porcelana (obra visual)
Definición
Pieza cerámica fabricada con porcelana, material compuesto por caolín blanco y roca feldespática que, al cocerse, reaccionan y forman un vidrio natural.
En China, la porcelana incluye todas las piezas cocidas a alta temperatura que producen un sonido metálico al golpearlas. En Europa, se limita a las piezas de cerámica cocidas a alta temperatura que son translúcidas.
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porcelana bambú
Definición
Porcelana biscuit de color caña de bambú, inventada por Wedgwood. Para objetos hechos de bambú tejido o tallado, use bambú (objeto).
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porcelana cáscara de huevo
Definición
Tipo de porcelana cuya delicadeza de paredes es tal, que se dice comparable a la cáscara de un huevo de gallina
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porcelana de cáscara de huevo (material)
Definición
Tipo de material de porcelana que comprende una proporción relativamente alta de arcilla a piedra de China, y por lo general se produce en China o Europa. Se caracteriza por tener muy delgada y fina, incluso paredes translúcidas, y es normalmente de color blanco, asemejándose así la cáscara de un huevo de un ave.
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porcelana de Delft
Definición
Se refiere a loza vidriada primero realizada a principios del siglo XVII en Delft, Países Bajos. Este tipo de acristalamiento de estaño más tarde fue llevado por los holandeses a Inglaterra. En el uso moderno, el término se aplica a todo producto fabricado en cualquiera de los Países Bajos o Inglaterra, que se distingue de "loza", realizado en Francia, Alemania, España y Escandinavia, y "mayólica", hecho en Italia. Delftware desarrollado después de la producción de porcelana china fue severamente reducido en la mitad del siglo XVII debido a la guerra entre la gobernante dinastía Ming y los invasores manchúes, cuando se destruyeron importantes hornos chinos. El previo gran número de importaciones de porcelana de China a los Países Bajos terminó, la fábricas Delft, Porceleynen Schotel, Porceleynen Lampetkan, y otros comenzaron a hacer grandes volúmenes de loza decorada con pintura de estilo chino. En 1665 había alrededor de 20 fábricas de loza de Delft. Ellas principalmente porcelana imitación de producción masiva con la decoración de cerámica imitando productos Transitional chinos. Alrededor de 1680, los productores de objetos delft también experimentaron con color para producir una mayor variedad de productos.
Términos Alternativos
- Delft
- Delft holandés
- English Delftware
- loza delft
- porcelana de Holanda
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porcelana de exportación china
Definición
Describe cualquier porcelana decorada con motivos heráldicos pero particularmente la porcelana del siglo XVIII producida en China para las familias europeas y que llevan el escudo de armas de la familia.
Términos Alternativos
- Qianlong (porcelana)
