Términos

People who design ornaments such as bracelets, necklaces, and rings, of precious or semiprecious materials worn or carried on the person for adornment. For those that manufacture these objects, use 'jewelers.'

Chants based in ancient Hebrew music, following well-established modal patterns.

In India, a grate, gate, bars, or other covering for an opening, which allows entry of light but keeps out animals, dust, people, objects, or the like.

Un tipo de vasija ritual china de bronce utilizada para beber vino con tres patas curvas que apoyan una taza, a menudo con dos postes verticales cubiertos sobre el labio.

Escritura china más antigua descubierta hasta la fecha; los caracteres están grabados en caparazones de tortuga o huesos de animales, como registros de adivinaciones realizadas por la realeza en la segunda mitad de la dinastía Shang (siglos XIV-XI a. C.). La gran mayoría de los huesos oraculares fueron excavados en la actual aldea de Xiaotun, en la ciudad de Anyang, provincia de Henan (o Yinxu, las ruinas de la última capital de la dinastía Shang).

Cultura, estilo y periodo asociados a finales de la dinastía Ming (1522-1566 d.C.).
El estilo se caracteriza por la cerámica azul y blanca y la esmaltada policromada, con la introducción de jarrones y vasijas en forma de frutos similares a calabazas de base abombada. En las vasijas más grandes, se tendía a dividir la superficie en una serie de bandas formales e informales.

Recipiente ritual chino de bronce de Zhou del Este utilizado para contener agua. Tiene una forma redondeada baja, ci no tiene patas.

Jianzhuzao, literally translated as "reduced-column construction" or "column-elimination construction," is a term used to describe the arrangement of interior columns in traditional Chinese architecture. This term was not used in classical literature. Rather, it was first coined by architectural historians who conducted field investigations and wrote Chinese architectural history from the 1930s to 1960s. Generally, jianzhuzao refers to buildings with fewer interior columns than those with a full interior column grid aligned with the eaves pillars (Liang and Liu 1933; Guo 2009, 786). Some scholars, in accordance with the interpretation that there were two timber-frame structural systems (diange 殿閣/diantang 殿堂 and tingtang 廳堂) defined in Yingzao fashi, argued that only buildings with fewer interior columns than these two structural systems could have "column elimination" (Fu 2002). However, Chen Mingda, who used the two timber-frame structural systems as a standard to analyze extant buildings, opposed the use of the "jianzhu" neologism (Chen 1981, 4,178-181).

Un tipo de vasija ritual china de bronce utilizada para beber vino. Tiene dos picos simétricos diseñados para verter. Este tipo de vasija apareció durante la dinastía Shang y duró hasta el Zhou Occidental.

Cultura, estilo y época asociados al reinado del emperador Chia Ch'ing (1796-1820 d.C.).
El estilo se caracteriza por objetos como botellas de rapé, figuras y botellas de diversos estilos con diseños pintados en azul y rojo cobrizo, esmaltes de todo tipo y esmaltes monocromáticos.

Literally meaning “pretend” or “simulated” ang, jia’ang refers to a bracket arm that appears to be a xia’ang visually, but does not function as a xia’ang structurally. Architectural historians have used jia’ang as a term in traditional Chinese architecture since the 1930s (Liang 1933，26). Usually it refers to a huagong in an eaves bracket set (waiyan dougong 外簷斗栱) with a shape of ang mouth (angzui 昂嘴) on the outside. In most cases, there is a carved huatouzi 華頭子 underneath the jia'ang.

Cups or bowls made from the fruit of a calabash tree, or made of other materials to resemble such vessels.

In Peru and other areas of Latin American, cups of faience or organic materials, used especially in the colonial era to serve hot chocolate or other hot beverages. Chocolate drink was consumed by the Mayans as early as 150 BCE, and in the following centuries it became a popular beverage among many indigenous groups. To create a Western-style form of the traditional mate cup, Spanish colonists improvised by using gourds, coconuts, wood, and other organic materials already in use, to which they added European-style bases, handles, and rims made of silver.