Términos

Sporting events in the Roman Republic and Roman Empire where armed combatants called "gladiators" entertained audiences in violent and usually lethal confrontations with other gladiators, wild animals, and condemned criminals.

Término general para las espadas cortas romanas de doble filo y extremo puntiagudo, originariamente usadas solamente para estocadas y prácticamente sin guarnición, por la infantería. Con el tiempo, se desarrollaron otras versiones de hojas más largas y una pequeña guarnición, para servir tanto para estocadas como para cortes.

Scottish variation of Art Nouveau that originated at the Glasgow School of Art and flourished from ca. 1890 to ca. 1920. Chief among its proponents are Charles Rennie Mackintosh, Herbert MacNair and the sisters, Frances and Margaret MacDonald. When Francis H. Newbery (1853–1946) became director of the Glasgow School in 1885, his teachings were influenced by the Arts and Crafts Movement that stressed an art that combined functionalism with beauty while encouraging individuality and experimentation among its students. The journal “The Hobby Horse” (begun in spring 1884), expressed a desire for the unification of old and new and a harmonious relationship between abstract lines and masses. The style was further developed through the increasing popularity of Celtic revivalism taking root in Glasgow at the time. The style begins to dissipate with the coming of World War I.

Craftsmen who carve, engrave, or cut designs into glass.

People or corporate bodies who design glassware or other objects to be executed in glass.

Doors consisting primarily of glass panels. May refer to doors that are entrances to architecture (e.g., an office building door) or components of furniture (e.g., a door on a cabinet).

Elaborately decorated metal feet and stems onto which ordinary glasses can be clamped thus forming an elegant vessel. They were made as prestige objects to adorn the table. In the 15th century glass holders were often commissioned by city councils and aristocrats. By the 17th century, wealthy burghers had acquired a taste for these objects, although the fashion declined after 1650. Most glass holders were made of bronze, silver or silver gilt. The clamps often incorporated a human figure, a sea-horse or an animal head.

Visual works, often windows, or components of visual works or architecture, made of bits or pieces of glass, often chipped along the edges to resemble faceting, set in a matrix of concrete or epoxy resin. The first glass in concrete windows appeared ca. 1929 in Europe; the technique is now used to create other objects as well. For cement reinforced with glass fibers, use "glass reinforced cement."

Process of creating windows or other visual works using glass in cement or another matrix. Pieces of glass, usually slab glass, are laid out in a design or pattern; the pieces of glass may be cut, shaped, and chipped along the edges to resemble faceting. Cement or another material is poured between the pieces of glass, often with metal reinforcements, and allowed to harden.

Craftsmen who specialize in staining glass, which is coloring glass by adding metallic oxides to the molten glass. To distinguish those who design and create the stained glass windows or other works, use "stained glass artists." For those who paint details on stained glass or othewise paint on glass, use "glass painters."

Devices to apply pressure to glass in a mold while in a plastic state.

Molds into which molten glass is poured or injected, in order to create vessels or other objects made of glass.

Studios in which one or more master glassmakers create works, supervise assistants, and instruct pupils.

Manufactories specializing in the manufacture of glass and glassware.

Buildings that house glass manufactories.

Common term for the transparent larvae of members of the Chaoboridae family.

Un tinte azul oscuro natural obtenido de las hojas de la planta biennial Isatis tinctoria. Fue cultivada desde tiempos tempranos como un colorante textil en Inglaterra, Francia, Grecia, Italia, Egipto y China, y fue utilizado como un pigmento de pintura en la Edad Media. Es químicamente y en color similar al índigo. Para producir el colorante, las hojas de las plantas se cortaban, secaban, y se enrollan en bolas (cocas glasto) envejeciendo durante aproximadamente un mes. A continuación, las bolas son aplastadas en un polvo fino, rociado con agua, y se apilan en montones para su fermentación. El color azul se profundiza con la edad de la planta, que va desde un azul claro en las hojas jóvenes a un negro azulado oscuro en las hojas completamente maduras.

Un mineral mica opaco verde compuesto de silicato de hierro de potasio hidratado, que - a diferencia de otras micas - por lo general se presenta como granos tipo pellet en ambientes marinos y es a veces llamada "tierra verde". Se forma a partir de la alteración de silicatos que contienen hierro por el agua del océano y de los organismos, se encuentran a lo largo de la costa atlántica de la América del Norte y del Sur y en el fondo del océano, ya veces se utiliza como pigmento para pinturas de tierra verde.

Monoclinic mineral of the amphibole (double-chain silicate) group. Glaucophane occurs as blue-gray sheets in dense metamorphic rocks such as schists, especially blueschist.

Describe obras producidas por africanos de mismo nombre que habitan el noreste de Nigeria.